What Are The Symptoms Of Rectum Cancer? Why Does Rectum Cancer Happen? We have prepared some information you need to know about rectum cancer treatment in our article.
What Are The Symptoms Of Rectum Cancer? Why Does Rectum Cancer Happen?
The last few centimeters of the intestine is called the rectum. It begins at the end of the last part of the colon and ends when it reaches the short, narrow canal leading to the anus. In the content of our article, you, our dear friends, can access and learn detailed answers to the questions “How is rectum cancer diagnosed?” and “What causes rectal cancer?” So What are the symptoms of rectal cancer?
Cancer in the rectum and cancer in the colon are commonly called colorectal cancer. While rectum and colon cancers are similar in many respects, their treatments are quite different and applied differently. This is mainly due to the fact that the rectum is located in a tight space in the pelvic cavity, little separated from other organs and structures. Complete removal of rectal cancer by surgery is quite complex and difficult. In order to reduce the possibility of cancer recurrence, additional treatment is needed both before and after surgery.
Even after extensive treatments in the past, long-term survival for rectal cancer patients is very poor. With advances in treatment over the last 35 years, many cases of rectal cancer have now become treatable. Talk to your doctor about when you should start getting screened for colorectal cancer. Guidelines generally recommend that the first colorectal cancer screening be performed at the age of 50. If you have different risk factors, such as a family history of colon cancer or rectal cancer, your doctor may recommend more frequent or earlier screening. The most accurate screening test is colonoscopy. In this procedure, the physician examines the inside of the rectum and large intestine using a long, flexible tube with a tiny camera at the end. The colonoscope is advanced from the anus to the rectum and colon. As the colonoscope’s camera moves through the intestine, it sends video of the rectal and colonic inner surfaces to the monitor seen by the physician. If a polyp or a suspicious-looking area of tissue is found, the physician can also take samples from these areas with tools placed in the colonoscope. You can find more detailed information about rectal cancer symptoms by continuing our article.
What Are The Stages Of Rectum Cancer?
Rectum Cancer Symptoms
Unexplained weight loss that is not due to diet or exercise is among the first symptoms of rectal cancer. The growth of the tumor may cause changes in the size of the stool. Pencil-thin stools may be a sign of rectal cancer. Intestinal obstruction may occur as a result of the tumor growing and blocking the exit tract. Intestinal obstruction can cause severe pain and cramps in the abdominal area.
Unnoticeable bleeding in the stool can lead to anemia. Shortness of breath, dizziness and rapid heartbeat due to anemia should be taken seriously as symptoms of rectal cancer. Painful bowel movements and mucus in the stool. In addition to the change in bowel movements, the feeling of empty bowel or the inability to defecate adequately despite frequent trips to the toilet are among the symptoms of rectal cancer. Changes in bowel movements such as constipation, diarrhea, and excessive gas may be signs of rectal cancer. Bleeding in the anus or blood in the stool are among the most common symptoms of rectal cancer. Almost 8 out of 10 patients experience bleeding symptoms.
Rectum Cancer Causes
– Having colon and rectum cancer in the family, especially in first-degree relatives, is an important cause of rectum cancer.
– Diabetes is diabetes.
– Receiving radiotherapy treatment, especially to the abdominal area, for cancer treatment may cause rectum and colon cancer.
– Sedentary lifestyle and obesity are the causes of rectal cancer.
– Genetic syndromes such as non-polyposis non-hereditary colorectal cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis are among the causes of rectal cancer.
– Chronic inflammatory diseases of the colon and rectum, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, increase the risk of rectal cancer.
– A history of colorectal cancer or polyps may cause rectal cancer.
– A high-fat diet of animal origin may cause rectal cancer.
– Consumption of alcohol and cigarettes increases the risk of rectal cancer.
– The majority of rectal cancer occurs at older ages.
How Is Rectum Cancer Treated?
Once the stages and degree of rectal cancer are determined, treatment planning is made. Rectal cancer treatment is planned according to the stage and degree of cancer, the size and location of the tumor in the rectum, the patient’s age and general health condition. Rectal cancer chemotherapy treatment usually consists of 2 or more drugs that target cancer cells. In rectal cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be used before or after surgery. In the treatment of stage 1 rectal cancer, surgery may be the only necessary step in the treatment. The risk of recurrence after surgery is low in Stage 1 rectal cancer and therefore chemotherapy is generally not recommended. In the 2nd and 3rd stages of rectal cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment is applied after surgery to prevent the cancer from recurring. In patients with stage 2 rectal cancer and stage 3 rectum cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be applied to shrink the tumor before surgery.
Surgery is one of the most frequently used methods in the treatment of rectal cancer. Rectum cancer surgery is planned according to the location and size of the tumor. Rectum cancer surgery can be divided into two groups: anal-preserving rectum surgery and rectum surgery requiring anal loss. Rectum cancer is more common in men than in women. With the advancement of endoscopic and radiological examinations, the diagnosis of rectal cancer can be made more easily. As awareness increases, the incidence rate also increases. Approximately 1 million people in the world are diagnosed with colon and rectum cancer every year.
Is Rectum Cancer Treated?
Although there is no exact figure in our country, it is known that nearly 30 thousand colon and rectum cancers are diagnosed every year. The most common type of rectal cancer is adenocarcinoma, a cancer that originates from the mucosa. There is no exact age at which rectum and colon cancer occurs. However, rectal cancer usually occurs after the age of 35. The majority of sick people are older than 50 years of age.
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